Articles

What does sound look like? In pre-colonial north India, music scholars, poets, and painters developed images and descriptions for the musical entities known as ragas, and strung them together in a series or ‘garland’ (mala). While it is not clear precisely when listeners began to conceive of music this way, by the 1500s, ragamala poetry and paintings were well established, and proved to be extremely popular until the nineteenth century.

Earlier Subahdars or Governors of Awadh (or Oudh, now Uttar Pradesh) had not bothered to reside in their territory since Agra and Delhi were so near. It was Nawab Shuja' al-Daula (1754-75) who fixed a local base in Lucknow, till then a religious rather than political centre, and he constructed the massive fort-cum-palace called the Macchi Bhavan facing the River Gumti.

A short guide on how to care for Indian miniature painting.